ืฉืืืืช ื ืืกืื ืืืืฉ (restatements) ืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืื ืคืืฆืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืช 4 ืืืืืืช. ืชืจืืื ืฉื 25 ืืฉืคืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืื ืื ืืื.
She is too tired to study.
She is so tired that she can't study. (tooโฆto = soโฆthatโฆcan't)
He started learning English five years ago.
He has been learning English for five years. (Past Simple โ Present Perfect Continuous + for)
It is necessary to wear a uniform.
Students must wear a uniform. (necessary to โ must)
The teacher made us write an essay.
The teacher forced us to write an essay. (made + base = forced + to)
She speaks English better than her brother.
Her brother doesn't speak English as well as she does. (better than โ not as well as)
I haven't seen him for a year.
The last time I saw him was a year ago. (Present Perfect + for โ Past Simple + ago)
If you don't hurry, you will miss the bus.
Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus. (if not = unless)
He is so smart that everyone admires him.
He is such a smart person that everyone admires him. (so + adj โ such + a + adj + noun)
I'd rather you didn't smoke.
I prefer that you don't smoke. (I'd rather + past = preference)
He said, 'I am tired.'
He said (that) he was tired. (Direct โ Reported: am โ was)
She asked, 'Where do you live?'
She asked where I lived. (Direct question โ Reported: word order changes)
The window was broken by the boy.
The boy broke the window. (Passive โ Active)
Someone stole my bike.
My bike was stolen. (Active โ Passive without agent)
It's been three years since I last saw her.
I haven't seen her for three years. (since โ for + Present Perfect)
I am sure that he is the thief.
He must be the thief. (sure โ must โ certainty)
It's not possible that she is at home.
She can't be at home. (impossible = can't)
I haven't been to Paris before.
This is my first time in Paris. (haven't been before = first time)
He didn't study, so he failed the test.
If he had studied, he wouldn't have failed the test. (third conditional)
The film was so boring that I fell asleep.
It was such a boring film that I fell asleep. (so + adj โ such + a + adj + noun)
She is too young to drive.
She isn't old enough to drive. (too + adj = not + opposite + enough)
I last visited my grandma three months ago.
I haven't visited my grandma for three months. (lastโฆago โ haven'tโฆfor)
It isn't necessary for you to come.
You don't have to come. (not necessary = don't have to)
Although it was raining, we went out.
Despite the rain, we went out. (although + clause โ despite + noun)
He is afraid of flying.
He is scared of flying. (afraid = scared)
I wish I had a car.
I don't have a car (but I want one). (wish + past = present regret)